Sop | For Diagnosis Of Top 20 Common Diseases Updated

STANDARD OPERATING PROCEDURE (SOP) Subject: Diagnosis of Top 20 Common Diseases Document Number: SOP-Clin-2023-01 Effective Date: [Insert Date] Review Date: [Insert Date + 1 Year] Department: Clinical Services / Outpatient Department (OPD)

1. PURPOSE The purpose of this SOP is to provide clinical staff with a standardized, evidence-based approach for the diagnosis of the top 20 most common diseases encountered in primary care. This ensures consistency, reduces diagnostic errors, and improves patient outcomes. 2. SCOPE This SOP applies to all physicians, medical officers, nurse practitioners, and clinical assistants involved in patient diagnosis within the facility. 3. RESPONSIBILITIES

Medical Director: To ensure staff training and adherence to the SOP. Clinical Staff: To follow the diagnostic protocols and document findings accurately in the Electronic Medical Record (EMR). Nursing Staff: To assist in data collection (vitals, history) and triage.

4. GENERAL DIAGNOSTIC PROTOCOL Before specific disease evaluation, the attending provider must complete the Standard Diagnostic Workflow : sop for diagnosis of top 20 common diseases updated

Patient History: Chief complaint, history of present illness (HPI), past medical history, medications, and allergies. Vitals: Blood pressure, heart rate, respiratory rate, temperature, and SpO2. Physical Examination: System-specific examination based on the presenting symptom. RED FLAG CHECK: Immediately refer to emergency care if the patient presents with hemodynamic instability, severe respiratory distress, acute chest pain, or altered mental status.

5. SPECIFIC DIAGNOSTIC CRITERIA (TOP 20 DISEASES) A. Infectious Diseases 1. Upper Respiratory Tract Infection (URTI) / Common Cold

Symptoms: Rhinorrhea, nasal congestion, sore throat, cough, low-grade fever. Exam: Hyperemic nasal mucosa, pharyngeal injection, absence of lung crackles. Diagnosis: Clinical. No routine labs or imaging. Exclusion: Influenza (sudden onset high fever/myalgia); Strep Pharyngitis (exudate, lack of cough). STANDARD OPERATING PROCEDURE (SOP) Subject: Diagnosis of Top

2. Acute Gastroenteritis

Symptoms: Acute onset diarrhea, nausea, vomiting, abdominal cramping. Exam: Assessment of hydration status (turgor, mucous membranes). Diagnosis: Clinical. Testing: Stool culture only if bloody diarrhea or symptoms > 7 days.

3. Urinary Tract Infection (UTI)

Symptoms: Dysuria, urgency, frequency, suprapubic pain. Exam: Suprapubic tenderness; CVA tenderness suggests Pyelonephritis. Testing: Urinalysis (Positive for Leukocyte Esterase and Nitrites). Diagnosis: Clinical symptoms + Positive UA. Culture indicated for recurrent cases or pregnancy.

4. Influenza